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    <title>Experiments on Programmer.ie: Modern AI programming</title>
    <link>http://programmer.ie/tags/experiments/</link>
    <description>Recent content in Experiments on Programmer.ie: Modern AI programming</description>
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    <lastBuildDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 21:01:00 +0100</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>Cellular Automata From First Principles 58: Capstone — Discover, Measure and Explain a New System</title>
      <link>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-58/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 21:01:00 +0100</pubDate>
      <guid>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-58/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h1 id=&#34;cellular-automata-from-first-principles-58-capstone--discover-measure-and-explain-a-new-system&#34;&gt;Cellular Automata From First Principles 58: Capstone — Discover, Measure and Explain a New System&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The book began with one tiny rule applied to one tiny neighborhood.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We end with a different question:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Can we discover a cellular system, characterize its behavior, test its robustness and explain what we actually know about it?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;That is the capstone.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2 id=&#34;choose-a-system-family&#34;&gt;Choose a system family&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;The capstone can use any family we built:&lt;/p&gt;</description>
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    <item>
      <title>Cellular Automata From First Principles 57: Build a Cellular Automata Laboratory</title>
      <link>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-57/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 21:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
      <guid>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-57/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h1 id=&#34;cellular-automata-from-first-principles-57-build-a-cellular-automata-laboratory&#34;&gt;Cellular Automata From First Principles 57: Build a Cellular Automata Laboratory&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;We now have enough pieces to stop thinking in terms of isolated scripts.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A useful cellular-automata laboratory should let us define, run, measure, replay and visualize experiments across many kinds of automata without hiding the mechanisms we spent the whole book learning.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2 id=&#34;the-laboratory-is-not-the-model&#34;&gt;The laboratory is not the model&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Keep these concerns separate:&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-text&#34; data-lang=&#34;text&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;model definition&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;execution backend&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;experiment configuration&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;metrics&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;artifacts&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;analysis&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;A rule should not know where its PNG is saved.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
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      <title>Cellular Automata From First Principles 55: Run Parameter Sweeps and Benchmarks</title>
      <link>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-55/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 20:58:00 +0100</pubDate>
      <guid>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-55/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h1 id=&#34;cellular-automata-from-first-principles-55-run-parameter-sweeps-and-benchmarks&#34;&gt;Cellular Automata From First Principles 55: Run Parameter Sweeps and Benchmarks&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;Once experiments are reproducible, we can stop treating parameters as one-off choices and start mapping behavior systematically.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;A parameter sweep is not merely a convenience.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;It is a way to turn a model into a measurable landscape.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2 id=&#34;build-a-grid-of-experiments&#34;&gt;Build a grid of experiments&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-python&#34; data-lang=&#34;python&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; itertools &lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; product&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;mus &lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#ae81ff&#34;&gt;0.12&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#ae81ff&#34;&gt;0.14&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#ae81ff&#34;&gt;0.16&lt;/span&gt;]&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;sigmas &lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [&lt;span style=&#34;color:#ae81ff&#34;&gt;0.01&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#ae81ff&#34;&gt;0.02&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#ae81ff&#34;&gt;0.03&lt;/span&gt;]&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;configs &lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; [&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    {&lt;span style=&#34;color:#e6db74&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;mu&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;: mu, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#e6db74&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;sigma&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;: sigma, &lt;span style=&#34;color:#e6db74&#34;&gt;&amp;#34;seed&amp;#34;&lt;/span&gt;: seed}&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    &lt;span style=&#34;color:#66d9ef&#34;&gt;for&lt;/span&gt; mu, sigma, seed &lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;in&lt;/span&gt; product(mus, sigmas, range(&lt;span style=&#34;color:#ae81ff&#34;&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;))&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;]&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Notice the seed axis.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
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    <item>
      <title>Cellular Automata From First Principles 54: Make Experiments Reproducible</title>
      <link>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-54/</link>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 20:57:00 +0100</pubDate>
      <guid>http://programmer.ie/post/cellular-automata-from-first-principles-54/</guid>
      <description>&lt;h1 id=&#34;cellular-automata-from-first-principles-54-make-experiments-reproducible&#34;&gt;Cellular Automata From First Principles 54: Make Experiments Reproducible&lt;/h1&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;By this stage the book contains many systems whose behavior depends on parameters, seeds and implementation choices.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;p&gt;If we cannot reconstruct a run, we cannot really compare it.&lt;/p&gt;&#xA;&lt;hr&gt;&#xA;&lt;h2 id=&#34;treat-configuration-as-data&#34;&gt;Treat configuration as data&lt;/h2&gt;&#xA;&lt;div class=&#34;highlight&#34;&gt;&lt;pre tabindex=&#34;0&#34; style=&#34;color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;&#34;&gt;&lt;code class=&#34;language-python&#34; data-lang=&#34;python&#34;&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;from&lt;/span&gt; dataclasses &lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;import&lt;/span&gt; dataclass, asdict&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#a6e22e&#34;&gt;@dataclass&lt;/span&gt;(frozen&lt;span style=&#34;color:#f92672&#34;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#66d9ef&#34;&gt;True&lt;/span&gt;)&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;color:#66d9ef&#34;&gt;class&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&#34;color:#a6e22e&#34;&gt;ExperimentConfig&lt;/span&gt;:&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    model: str&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    width: int&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    height: int&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    steps: int&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    seed: int&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    backend: str&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&#34;display:flex;&#34;&gt;&lt;span&gt;    dtype: str&#xA;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Then extend with model-specific parameters rather than hiding them in notebook cells.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
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